Women's Services Encyclopedia

Menstrual Pain

Menstrual pains are nonserious and sometimes recurrent lower pelvic pains (pelvic refers to the lower part of the abdomen containing the reproductive organs). The pains are intermittent and are not associated with pregnancy, vomiting, fever, changes in stools or a vaginal discharge.

Recurrent, more severe, monthly menstrual pain that is not associated with any disease process is known as primary dysmenorrhoea. This diagnosis is made only after extensive evaluation by an gynecology specialist, excluding the more serious causes of pelvic pain.

Diagnosis:

• Vaginal cultures will be taken to exclude the possibility of pelvic infection.
• Blood tests, including blood counts and pregnancy testing will be done.
• Pelvic ultrasound has been a useful tool for identifying uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, or pregnancy.
• Laparoscopy remains the definitive test for the evaluation of the female with reccurent unexplained pelvic pain. A diagnosis of such problems as endometriosis can be made using this procedure.

Treatment & Prevention:

• Bedrest when the pain is severe.
• Heating pad placed on the lower abdomen.
• Anti-inflammatory medications (medications that contain ibuprofen) can help reduce menstrual pain.
• Evaluation by a gynecology specialist is necessary for definitive diagnosis.
• Hormonal therapy may be helpful in some cases.

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